The Harlem Renaissance and African American Identity Professor Ramos Blog

The Harlem Renaissance and African American Identity The Harlem Renaissance and African American Identity The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920’s was a pivotal era for African Americans. This was an era where African Americans produced a mass amount of literature, art, and music that represented and celebrated African American culture. The Harlem Renaissance also embarked â€Å"racial pride, and artistic expression† which â€Å"set a foundation for future activism† (Standish 40). This was the first time since the end of the Civil War where African American’s began to become more aggressive about fighting against the oppression and racism they faced as well as embracing their self-confidence. Although the Harlem Renaissance was set in Harlem, New York, there was an outbreak throughout different areas that celebrated blacks and spoke out against racism such as the Negritude movement for the French speaking blacks and also a movement in the British West Indies (Harden 8). Despite the various movements happening in different areas, the Harlem Renaissance was the most prominent and influential. Several social situations influenced the beginning of the Harlem Renaissance such as the Great Migration, Jim Crow laws, and frequent lynching’s. The Great Migration was a time when a large amount of African Americans traveled from the south to the north in hopes of leaving behind the â€Å"mean brutality of southern racial bigotry† (Harden 8). This was the time after the Civil War where brutal racism and oppression rose greatly. The spark of chain of events that led to the Great Migration included the creation of Jim Crow laws, which essentially were created in order to suppress blacks from their rights and freedom. Furthermore, the amounts of lynching’s increasingly grew, with there being â€Å"more than four thousand reported lynching’s occur[ing] between 1877 and 1950† (Standish 41). All these factors pushed toward the Great Migration that eventually began the Harlem Renaissance. There was a great amount of people who were very well known during the Harlem Renaissance but Langton Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston are two of the most prominent writers of the time. Langston Hughes poem Theme for English B and Zora Neale Hurston’s essay How it Feels to Be Colored Me efficiently portray the American life, specifically for African Americans, by conveying their acknowledgement of being colored in areas that were predominantly white, being aware of the racial differences but also, expressing how despite these differences, they are American. Langston Hughes is one of the most prominent writers of the Harlem Renaissance. He was recognized for depicting â€Å"African American pride† and portraying the â€Å"newly inspired, unapologetic voice of black America† (Standish 41). Hughes is greatly known for helping establish the newly found African American identity by opening up about personal experiences in his writing. In his poem Theme for English B, Hughes describes an assignment his professor assigned of writing a page that represents them. He begins the poem by stating â€Å"I am twenty-two, colored, born in Winston-Salem† (Hughes 1043). Hughes identifies that he is a young African American male in order to provide context to understand the contrasts he presents later on. He later states how he is â€Å"the only colored student in [his]class† (1043). Hughes points out that he is colored but emphasizes how he is the only person of color in his class to demonstrate the lack of diversity not only in in his school during that time but also the social segregation that was happening around them. Hughes attended school in a predominantly white area, therefore, being the only colored student in his class made him stick out a lot more. Hughes then begins to describe things he enjoys doing and realizes that despite the racism occurring, the two races are very similar. He believed â€Å"being colored doesn’t make [him] not like the same things other folks like who are other races†(1043). Hughes expresses how despite being colored, he still shares similar interests with other races (including whites). He decides to include this in order to point out how they are more related and equal than they think or care to see. Hughes begins to try to compare and relate himself to his professor. He describes how his professor is â€Å"white- yet a part of [him], as [he] [is] a part of [him]. That’s American† (1044). Hughes acknowledges their differences yet he is able to find a connection between them, which is how they are both American. Despite being different races, different color and from different areas, they still share being American with each other, therefore, sharing a â€Å"part of themâ₠¬ . This is an important statement, which embodies not only the changed attitudes during the Harlem Renaissance but also the African American life during that time. Hughes represents the changed attitude of being more aggressive in wanting equality by demonstrating their equality by both being Americans. Another important influential writer of the Harlem Renaissance is Zora Neale Hurston. Hurston is known for being able to â€Å"explore and capture Black cultural reality† (Harden 15). Especially in her essay How it Feels to Be Colored Me, Hurston vividly describes her experience as a child of when she was first made aware of being colored. Hurston was originally from Eatonville, Florida, a predominately colored neighborhood and it was not until she was sent to live in Jacksonville where she felt as though she did not fit in. Hurston begins the essay with the statement â€Å"I am colored† (Hurston 958). Hurston is very straightforward yet confident in how she is aware that she is a colored women, relating her American identity to being colored. Once Hurston was in her new environment, she felt as though her identity changed. She felt like she was â€Å"not Zora of Orange County any more, [she] was now a little colored girl† (959). Hurston’s identity changed when she moved because she felt as though she no longer fit in due to the racial differences of the area. She did not feel as if she was able to be just herself but as though she stood out and was viewed as solely the colored girl in her white neighborhood, meaning, the color of her skin defined her. Furthermore, Hurston describes how she is not always made aware or made self-cautious of her racial oppression due to being colored. She states: â€Å"I do not always feel colored†¦ I feel most colored when I am thrown against a sharp white background† (959).   Hurston claims she is usually made aware that there are racial differences due to her skin color when she is forced to notice it, by being surrounded or in a environment where there are mostly people of white skin color who therefore, make her skin color seem much more noticeable. Hurston then provides an example of a situation where this happens such as â€Å"at Barnard†¦[she] feel[s] [her] race. Among the thousand white persons, [she] [is] a dark rock surged upon, and overswept, but through it all, [she] remain[ed] [her]self† (960). Just like Hughes, Hurston went to a school in a predominately white area. Similarly to Hughes poem, Hurston uses this experience to explain how she was one of the few co lored people at her school, thus making her feel more aware of being black. Despite this realization of oppression and racism, Hurston expresses self-confidence, a common theme that was celebrated during the Harlem Renaissance, which emphasizes her views on African American identity during that time period. Lastly, just as Hughes does in his poem, Hurston points out how she is an American citizen but also colored. She believes she has â€Å"no separate feeling about being an American citizen and colored† (960). Stating that they are American allows them to show that being an American does not apply only to people who are white but people of color as well, further reclaiming their American identity. Hurston, along with Hughes, eloquently embodies the American identity of African American’s during the Harlem Renaissance. In conclusion, the Harlem Renaissance presented various works of literature and art that helped embody the time period but also helped influence future aspects of society. The Harlem Renaissance brought forward black confidence which allowed them to express their desires and needs for changes in society. This movement and its works allowed blacks to represent their American identity and how the races are equal. The works presented, of Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston, are works that can still be referenced to fight against the lasting oppression and racism that blacks face in society in present day. Harden, Renata, et al. â€Å"Reading the Harlem Renaissance into Public Policy: Lessons from the Past to the Present.† Afro-Americans in New York Life History, vol. 36, no. 2, July 2012, pp. 7–36. Hughes, Langston. â€Å"Theme for English B.† The Norton Anthology of American Literature, by Robert S. Levine et al., W.W. Norton Company, 2017, pp. 1043–1044. Hurston, Zora Neale. â€Å"The Norton Anthology of American Literature.† The Norton Anthology of American Literature, by Robert S. Levine et al., W.W. Norton Company, 2017, pp. 958–960. Standish, Noah. â€Å"Pain, Pride, Renewal: How Langston Hughes Embodied the Harlem Renaissance.† LOGOS: A Journal of Undergraduate Research, vol. 11, Fall 2018, pp. 40–50.

Yasar Kemal A Master of Words

Yasar Kemal A Master of Words Yasar Kemal was actually telling the story of Turkey’s ordinary people living in over 40,000 villages who experienced the impact of reforms and economic and social development in rural areas. Using archetypal characters, Kemal created a story of epic reach with common human moral and symbolic imagery. Hashtag: #Ya?arKemal Memed, My Hawk A novel, by definition, is fiction, a form of a sequential story describing intimate experiences of imaginary characters. Fiction is an art and many great writers like Edgar Allan Poe, Mark Twain, and Joyce Carol Oates were fiction writers. Turkish writer #Ya?arKemal, who recently passed away, was a prominent fiction writer and best remembered for his first novel â€Å"Memed, My Hawk†, which was published in 1955. BOOK REPORT This Varlik Prize winner is a story of a young peasant boy (Slim Memed) who tried to save his sweetheart (Hatch) from a forced marriage with the Agha (owner of the land and village chief). Hatch was captured as they attempt to escape but Meme, who wounds the Agha escaped into the mountains and later becomes a bandit. The novel to some critics is exciting and dramatic as it successfully portrayed the severity of peasant life in the Taurus highland of Anatolia during the 1930s. It tells the story of Memed, who in his youth rebel against the cruelty of the village chief and saved his people from tyranny. Indirectly, Yasar Kemal was actually telling the story of Turkey’s ordinary people living in over 40,000 villages who experienced the impact of reforms and economic and social development in rural areas. Using archetypal characters, Kemal created a story of epic reach with common human moral and symbolic imagery. For instance, the burning of the thistles ( a group of flowering plants) the choked the village land symbolizes Memed’s personal revenge and a quest for social justice. Published in 2007, the novel â€Å"They Burn the Thistles† is a sequel to â€Å"Memed, My Hawk†. It has descriptive passages that clearly tell the story of the bitter war between the greedy and brutal property owner and poor Turkish peasants. The Reality of Kurdish and Turkish Peasants Life In reality, Kurdish and Turkish peasants living in Anatolian villages in the early 1900s were suffering from the powerful Aghas. For instance, since they need to return three kilos for a very kilo of seed they borrowed from an Agha, they were always impoverished and in debt to that particular Agha. Those who cannot pay were intimidated, harmed, and sometimes sent to jail. Moreover, since many Kurdish Aghas maintained a good relationship with the central government, agricultural policies continue to favour commercial classes and landowners in Anatolian region. For instance, the rise in cultivation and land prices often benefit landowners and family-owned business alone. LITERARY TECHNIQUE THAT WORKS WONDERS The â€Å"Agha System†, which is mostly in the East and Southeast region, is actually a â€Å"Master and Servant† relation. For instance, according to the book The Literary Garland, the peasants were observed to be graceful and dignified when paying their taxes, procure seeds, and even give presents to their landlord and village chief. The harshness of peasants’ life and the need for land reform and better treatment made #Ya?arKemal the greatest writer in Turkey. His novels created â€Å"Slim Memed†, a fictitious character like a Turkish Robin Hood who fights against the Aghas who exploit the peasants.

Western traditions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Western traditions - Essay Example Religious literature has contributed much in the beliefs and practices of various religions in the world. For one, scriptures and other religious text help document the occurrences and events and the rituals we continue to practice today.Its historical allusion is towards the beginning of how religion has emerged and developed in which areas of the world as well as its impact on society and culture of the countries where religion is practiced, which therefore contributed to the present way of life of its citizens. Without religious text to support the faith, there will be no continuity of practices that will be handed down from generation to generation. Second, it has engaged individuals, even heretics to first interpret certain notable events and figures as we see them in each religion, or relate life events to these same religious indoctrinations and help people see beyond suffering. Next is learning to question long time traditions and beliefs in religion that either belie or unde rmine others which naturally mock the purpose of imparting goodwill to mankind through religion.The center of Jewish intellectual life after the Babylonian destruction of the Jewish temple is completely debatable. Some would say it is in the central plains of Sahara, where the fruits of genetically altered plant species were cultivated to benefit early Byzantine human civilization. Some would say it would have shifted along with the axial tilt of the planet, to an estimated forty three degrees where old Mesopotamia was. Unfortunately, it cannot be determined with enough accuracy so as to be rendered fully ascertained. Still we can consider the events that transpired in order to determine when it actually occurred. For one, the Jews have been particularly ostracized and persecuted since the olden times, from the start middle ages where they have been considerably ridiculed in Christian Europe, especially with the reign of Christianity through Constantine's prodding. The enlightenment of Jews from around the world began when their full emancipation from such restrictive laws that govern their social existence regardless of their beliefs and traditions were encouraged and slowly emerged. The golden age of Jewish culture in Spain has particularly contributed to where Jews were placed in society until the Nazi terrorism against Jews. Page 339 #2: Over what issue or issues did Latin and Greek Christianity separate, and what are the principal continuing differences between these two branches of Christianity in worship, organization, and theology Latin Christianity strictly adheres to the liturgies of Latin rites, including the absolute celibacy of priests, appointment of bishops directly by the Pope, and other traditional standard rules enforced by this part of the Catholic church that originated from western Europe where Latin was the primary language. As opposed to the beliefs and traditions that are implemented by that of Greek Christianity, where priests and pastors can marry, and have separate liturgical rites from that of Latin Christianity, though they continue to respect the usual policies originating in Rome. The Great Schism between the Eastern and the Western Church based on the issues faced by Constantinople apart from language barriers and political events have contributed greatly to this separation. Whereas Latin Christianity considers Rome as the ultimate highest single entity to govern the Church's policies, Greek Christianity believes no lone authority should be notable but the

Power of Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Power of Religion - Essay Example There are various elements in the world which are beyond the power human intellect and it is this incapacity which has made him to seek the refuge in religion from time immemorial. Thus, one finds that world religions offer its followers the scope for finding meaning to basic elements that are beyond human intellect. This important role of religions, as commented by Ezra Niesen, includes providing â€Å"an explanation for what makes the universe work, some way for people to escape their physical mortality, ways for people to build healthy families and strong communities, and ways for people to make themselves feel satisfied with their lives.† (Niesen). There is obvious role of religions to provide the humans with the capacity to understand the factors which completely beyond the power of their intellect. It is through the working of the hankering in every human being to go beyond what he or she can grasp and it is through the power of the intellect and the will that humans are able to reach things beyond their knowledge.

The Planet Neptune :: Space Astronomy

The wonders of the great planet of mysterious Neptune "5,4,3,2,1, LIFTOFF! I think I see something on the radar, it looks to be as if it's a planet! I think I have visual contact, blue, thick clouds and maybe a little liquidy substance, probably water. Wait a minute, I think it's Neptune! We have to report this to the mission control." Neptune, the last planet in the solar system after the planet Pluto was considered not a planet. You might think Neptune and Earth are the same size by just looking at it but it?s not. Neptune is so big that it could fit sixty Earths inside. It is the fourth largest planet in the solar system. Neptune use to share an orbit with Pluto. That declined when Pluto was considered not a planet anymore. The gravity on Neptune is slightly dense. I?ll give you an example, I currently weigh 60 pounds on Earth, and on Neptune I would weigh about 71 pounds. That means there?s about an 11-pound difference on Neptune. The orbit of Neptune is unique. This is because Pluto?s eccentric orbit crosses between Neptune?s orbit. Take an estimate, how long do you think a year on Neptune would be? You probably answered any where between 60 and 90 years. Unfortunately you?re wrong. The correct answer is 165 Earth years. That?s a really long time! A day on Neptune is 16.1 Martian hours or 19.1 Earth hours. The atmosphere on Neptune is made out methane, hydrogen sulfide and water. The temperature on Neptune is 49K or 328ÂÂ °F. If you lived on Neptune (which you can?t!) you would boil. Neptune has four rings. Two of them are hard to see and are faded, Neptune?s rings are made out of dust. A scientist named Johann Gottfried Galle discovered Neptune. Voyager 2 visited Neptune. Neptune was discovered on September 23, 1846. Neptune was named after an Italian goddess named Poseidon or Nethunus or Neptune.

Anatomical Organization Review Sheet

Answer the following questions using pigs. 13-16 and various organ system chapters of your text. A. Which is lateral: the tall or fibula? Fibula b. Which Is more distal: the ankle or knee? Ankle c. Circle or underline the correct statement: 1. The heart is ventral to the spinal cord. The heart is dorsal to the spinal cord. 2. The head is superior to the leg. The head is inferior to the leg. 3. The scapula is dorsal to the heart. The scapula is ventral to the heart. 4. The cranium is superficial to the brain. The cranium is deep to the brain. 2. Answer the following questions sing pigs. 7-18: a. What are the 3 regions of the thoracic cavity? Superior meditations, pleural cavity, pericardia cavity within the meditations b. What organ is housed in the pleural cavity? Lung c. What organs are housed In the meditations? Heart, esophagi, trachea, d. What organ Is found In the pericardia cavity? Heart e. What muscle separates the abdominally cavity from the thoracic cavity? Diaphragm f. What are the two regions (or spectacles) of the abdominally cavity? Abdominal and pelvic g. What organs are found in the abdominal cavity? Stomach, intestines, spleen, liver, and others h.What organs are housed in the pelvic cavity? Urinary bladder, some reproductive organs, and the rectum I. What organ is housed in the cranial cavity? Brain j. What is the viscera? Internal organs k. What is the peritoneum? Serous membrane lining the interior of the abdominal cavity covering the surface of abdominal organs l. What are the mesenteric? Double layer extensions of the peritoneum that support most organs in the abdominal cavity m. During surgery, the surgeon would encounter which layer first? 1. The visceral peritoneum or the parietal peritoneum (circle correct answer) 2. He stomach wall or he parietal peritoneum (circle correct answer) 3. The visceral pleura or the parietal pleura (circle correct answer)? 3. Answer the following using pig. 19. A. What organ(s) are housed in the orbital cavi ties? Eyes b. Synopsis cavities are found where? Within fibrous capsules that surround freely movable Joints of the body c. Now for a much harder question: Are the kidneys housed in a body cavity? If not, where are they specifically found? Yes, abdominal 4. Write the term each phrase describes. A. Extends from the stomach and drapes over the intestines. Greater momentum b.Attaches the heart to the body cavity. Arose c. Covers the surface of the lungs. Serous membrane d. Covers the surface of the abdominal organs. Serous membrane e. The lubricating liquid In serous cavities. Serous fluid f. Extends between the superior part of the stomach and the liver lesser momentum. G. Attaches the small intestines to the posterior body wall intestinal mucosa . H. Spleen, adrenal glands, abdominal aorta, inferior even cave, stomach. 5. List the nine abdominally regions and the location of each. Umbilical region – conferment region deep to and surrounding the naval.Epigenetic region – superior to the umbilical region Hypocrites region – inferior to the umbilical region Right and left iliac – lateral to the hypothermia region Right and left lumbar – lateral to the umbilical region Right and left hypochondriac regions – lateral to the epigenetic region 6. Name the quadrant(s) that the following organs predominately occupy: IRIS, LICK, RL, LLC. A. Liver rug b. Stomach lug c. Spleen rug e. Appendix RL d. Gall bladder rug f. Left kidney lug g. Uterus RL h. Pancreas RL 7. Write the anatomical terms that the phrase or word describes using pig. 14 and the chart on the website.Phrases or words referring to nouns are indicated. All other harass refer to adjectives. A. Navel (noun). Umbilical b. Pertaining to the area between the neck and abdomen. Thoracic c. Pertaining to the palm of hand. Palmary d. Pertaining to the high point of the shoulder. Cranial e. Pertaining to the anterior surface of the elbow region. Electoral f. Pertaining to the ne ck. Cervical g. Pertaining to the posterior surface of the knee. Politely h. Wrist (noun). Carpal I. Pertaining to the area between the elbow and wrist. Interracial J. Back (noun). Dorsal k. Armpit area (noun). Auxiliary l. Pertaining to the mouth. Oral m.Pertaining to the anterior surface of the knee. Tattler n. Breast bone (noun). Mammary o. Pertaining to the hip. Coal p. Pertaining to the side of the leg. Femoral q. Pertaining to the calf. Surreal r. Pertaining to the fingers or toes. Phalanges s. Pertaining to the cheek. Mental t. Pertaining to the heel. Cleaned u. Pertaining to the sole of the foot. Plantar v. Pertaining to the head. Chalice w. Pertaining to the foot. Metatarsal x. Pertaining to the eye. Orbital y. Pertaining to the genital area. Pubic z. Pertaining to the area between the hip and knee. Femoral b. Pertaining to the spinal column. Vertebral c.Pertaining to the inferior back of the head. Capital ad. Pertaining to the anterior surface of the leg. Fibular e. Pertai ning to the area of the lower back or loin. Sacral if. Pertaining to the area of the back that contains the shoulder blades. Scapular g. Pertaining to the posterior surface of the elbow region. Electoral h. Arm (noun). Brachia 8. Write the name of the plane that the phrase describes. A. Divides body or organ into unequal right and left sections. Modalities b. Divides body or organ into anterior and posterior sections. Frontal c. Divides body or organ into superior and inferior sections. Transverse d.Divides body into right and left elves. Stagiest e. Which planes when passed through the body would result in two sections, with each section containing a piece of the heart and a piece of each lung? Oblique 9. Match each directional term on the left with the correct description on the right. _g_3. _J_6. Anterior lateral proximal inferior posterior medial distal superficial superior e_10. Deep a. To the side b. Away from a point of attachment c. Close to the body surface d. Front e. Away from the body surface f. Above, on top of toward a point of attachment g. H. Below, a lower level I. Back J. Toward the middle 10.

Legal Forms of Business Paper - 938 Words

Legal Forms of Business Paper Law/531 June 3rd, 2011 University of Phoenix Legal Forms of Business Paper Selecting the best form of operating a business depends on the type of business the owner wants to run. The owners have to pick the structure that best meets their needs. â€Å"The selection depends on many factors, including the ease and cost of formation, the capital requirements of the business, the flexibility of management decisions, government restrictions, personal liability, tax considerations, and the like† (Henry Cheeseman, 210, p. 529) Moreover, choosing the right form to run a business will also determine how the business is organized, how the cash flow is, and how the business is taxed. â€Å"The most common†¦show more content†¦Sole proprietorship was precluded because the business will be run by Monica and Susan because they have the necessary skills to be successful entrepreneurs. In this scenario, Vic will provide capital and will take a passive role in managing the business, she sill obtain profits because of her involvement in the business. For not facing some problems among them, they will have to reach an agreement generally written to state how shares will be handled; this is common called a limited partnership agreement. â€Å"This agreement sets forth the rights and duties of the general and limited partners; the terms and conditions regarding the operations, termination, and dissolution of the partnership; and so on† (Henry Cheeseman, 210, p. 547). The limited partnership agreement will set forth the transactions that managers and investors can approve. This document also states the how earnings and losses will be distributed among the partners. Limited partners have also the right of being informed by general managers about the business performance and the business financial status. 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